![]() ![]() I, A.B., do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I have never borne arms against the United States since I have been a citizen thereof that I have voluntarily given no aid, countenance, counsel, or encouragement to persons engaged in armed hostility thereto that I have neither sought nor accepted nor attempted to exercise the functions of any office whatsoever under any authority or pretended authority in hostility to the United States that I have not yielded voluntary support to any pretended government, authority, power, or constitution within the United States, hostile or inimical thereto. The full oath for officers in 1862 was rather long, and might shed a little more light on the “foreign or domestic” phrase.The military can only refuse to carry out orders that are manifestly or patently illegal - and again, what makes something manifestly illegal is open to interpretation. There is an open possibility, which I think you might be getting at, that the military could use this oath to refuse to carry out orders given by the President as commander in Chief. While there is no clear delineation of what a domestic enemy of the Constitution is, we can safely assume that Confederacy was such an enemy, and many Confederates were indeed elected US politicians. The bloodiest war ever suffered by the United States - 620,000 dead, about half the sum total of all America’s conflicts - was waged against domestic enemies. The phrase “enemies, foreign and domestic” was added to the oath of enlistment in 1862* (though for officers only). Flair is available to those working in politics or a related field whose expertise is directly related to the content of this subreddit. Flaired users are held to high standards in this subreddit. User Flairįlair is essentially a badge meant to display a user's area of expertise. If possible, please include a link to the message in question to make our investigation faster. If you feel that your post has been removed unfairly, please message the moderators. These would include items where the primary discussion is on a topic other than politics, although certain exceptions may be made for economic, legal and other topics if they are actively being discussed. Items that are only tangentially related to politics may be removed at the moderators' discretion. Appointed judges, cases and anything in the judicial branch.Any serving or formerly serving elected official, local, state and federal.Military actions and their political ramifications.For the purposes of this subreddit, "Politics" includes: Avoid personal insults or attacks, partisan bickering, etc.Ħ.a. Avoid layman speculation or unsourceable claims.ĥ. ![]() All comments should still contribute to healthy discussion.Ĥ. Top-tier comments should be good-faith, fact-based efforts to answer questions. Posts should be good-faith attempts to ask questions about politics.ģ. Read our updated and expanded guidelines.Ģ. Please note that we are in no way related to /r/politics and have no association with them.Ĭheck out our recommended reading list! Rules "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter: So help me God.The goal of this subreddit is the promotion of political knowledge by disseminating knowledge of law and policy considerations that drive our representatives and other government actors. The vice president-elect takes a slightly different, longer oath, which is also utilized for members of Congress and some other federal employees: In 2013, President Barack Obama took the oath using two Bibles, one owned by Abraham Lincoln and the other by Martin Luther King Jr. Theodore Roosevelt did not use a Bible for his first inauguration. John Quincy Adams took the oath upon a book of the law. ![]() According to ABC News, George Washington reportedly added the words "so help me God" to the oath, and it has been since included by every president except Theodore Roosevelt.Īll but two presidents placed their hand on a Bible while saying the oath, according to the Joint Congressional Committee on Inaugural Ceremonies. ![]()
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